IPCC AR5 references – WG1 Chapter 3, Observations: Ocean

IPCC reports have extensive reference lists but unfortunately they don’t include direct links to papers. Below are the references in IPCC AR5 WG1 Chapter 3, observations: oceans, with links to abstract pages and full texts where available.

Abeysirigunawardena, D. S., and I. J. Walker, 2008: Sea Level Responses to Climatic Variability and Change in Northern British Columbia. Atmosphere-Ocean, 46, 277-296.

Ablain, M., A. Cazenave, S. Guinehut, and G. Valladeau, 2009: A new assessment of global mean sea level from altimeters highlights a reduction of global slope from 2005 to 2008 in agreement with in-situ measurements. Ocean Sciences, 5, 193 – 201. [FULL TEXT]

Alory, G., S. Wijffels, and G. Meyers, 2007: Observed temperature trends in the Indian Ocean over 1960-1999 and associated mechanisms. Geophysical Research Letters, 34, L02606.

Álvarez, M., T. Tanhua, H. Brix, C. Lo Monaco, N. Metzl, E. L. McDonagh, and H. L. Bryden, 2011: Decadal biogeochemical changes in the subtropical Indian Ocean associated with Subantarctic Mode Water. Journal of
Geophysical Research-Oceans, 116, C09016. [FULL TEXT]

Andersson, A., C. Klepp, K. Fennig, S. Bakan, H. Grassl, and J. Schulz, 2011: Evaluation of HOAPS-3 Ocean Surface Freshwater Flux Components. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 50, 379-398.

Antonov, J. I., et al., 2010: World Ocean Atlas 2009, Volume 2: Salinity, NOAA Atlas NESDIS 68. U.S. Gov. Printing Office, Wash., D.C., USA, 184 pp.

Aoki, S., S. R. Rintoul, S. Ushio, S. Watanabe, and N. L. Bindoff, 2005: Freshening of the Adelie Land Bottom Water near 140°E. Geophysical Research Letters, 32, L23601.

Ballantyne, A. P., C. B. Alden, J. B. Miller, P. P. Tans, and J. W. C. White, 2012: Increase in observed net carbon dioxide uptake by land and oceans during the past 50 years. Nature, 488, 70-72. [FULL TEXT]

Barker, P. M., J. R. Dunn, C. M. Domingues, and S. E. Wijffels, 2011: Pressure sensor drifts in Argo and their impacts. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 28, 1036-1049.

Bates, N. R., 2007: Interannual variability of the oceanic CO2 sink in the subtropical gyre of the North Atlantic Ocean over the last 2 decades. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 112, C09013.

Bates, N. R., 2012: Multi-decadal uptake of carbon dioxide into subtropical mode water of the North Atlantic Ocean. Biogeosciences, 9, 2649-2659. [FULL TEXT]

Beckley, B. D., et al., 2010: Assessment of the Jason-2 extension to the TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1 sea-surface height time series for global mean sea level monitoring. Marine Geodesy, 33, 447-471.

Beltrami, H., J. E. Smerdon, H. N. Pollack, and S. P. Huang, 2002: Continental heat gain in the global climate system. Geophysical Research Letters, 29, 3. [FULL TEXT]

Bersch, M., I. Yashayaev, and K. P. Koltermann, 2007: Recent changes of the thermohaline circulation in the subpolar North Atlantic. Ocean Dynamics, 57, 223-235.

Bindoff, N. L., and T. J. McDougall, 1994: Diagnosing climate-change and ocean ventilation using hydrographic data. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 24, 1137-1152. [FULL TEXT]

Bindoff, N. L., et al., 2007: Observations: Oceanic Climate Change and Sea Level. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, S. Solomon, et al., Eds., Cambridge University Press.

Bingham, R. J., and C. W. Hughes, 2009: Signature of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation in sea level along the east coast of North America. Geophysical Research Letters, 36, L02603. [FULL TEXT]

Boening, C., J. K. Willis, F. W. Landerer, R. S. Nerem, and J. Fasullo, 2012: The 2011 La Niña: So strong, the oceans fell. Geophysical Research Letters, 39, L19602. [FULL TEXT]

Bograd, S. J., C. G. Castro, E. Di Lorenzo, D. M. Palacios, H. Bailey, W. Gilly, and F. P. Chavez, 2008: Oxygen declines and the shoaling of the hypoxic boundary in the California Current. Geophysical Research Letters, 35, L12607. [FULL TEXT]

Böning, C. W., A. Dispert, M. Visbeck, S. R. Rintoul, and F. U. Schwarzkopf, 2008: The response of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current to recent climate change. Nature Geoscience, 1, 864-869. [FULL TEXT]

Borges, A. V., and N. Gypens, 2010: Carbonate chemistry in the coastal zone responds more strongly to eutrophication than to ocean acidification. Limnology and Oceanography, 55, 346-353. [FULL TEXT]

Boyer, T., S. Levitus, J. Antonov, R. Locarnini, A. Mishonov, H. Garcia, and S. A. Josey, 2007: Changes in freshwater content in the North Atlantic Ocean 1955-2006. Geophysical Research Letters, 34, L16603. [FULL TEXT]

Boyer, T. P., S. Levitus, J. I. Antonov, R. A. Locarnini, and H. E. Garcia, 2005: Linear trends in salinity for the World Ocean, 1955-1998. Geophysical Research Letters, 32, L01604. [FULL TEXT]

Boyer, T. P., et al., 2006: Introduction. World Ocean Database 2005 (DVD), NOAA Atlas NESDIS, vol. 60, S. Levitus, Ed., US Government Printing Office, 15-37.

Boyer, T. P., et al., 2009: Chapter 1: Introduction. World Ocean Database 2009, NOAA Atlas NESDIS 66, DVD ed., S. Levitus, Ed., U.S. Gov. Printing Office, Wash., D.C., USA, pp. 216.

Broecker, W., and E. Clark, 2001: A dramatic Atlantic dissolution event at the onset of the last glaciation. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 2, 2001GC000185.

Bromirski, P. D., A. J. Miller, R. E. Flick, and G. Auad, 2011: Dynamical suppression of sea level rise along the Pacific coast of North America: Indications for imminent acceleration. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 116,
C07005. [FULL TEXT]

Bryden, H. L., H. R. Longworth, and S. A. Cunningham, 2005: Slowing of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation at 25°N. Nature, 438, 655-657. [FULL TEXT]

Byrne, R. H., S. Mecking, R. A. Feely, and X. W. Liu, 2010: Direct observations of basin-wide acidification of the North Pacific Ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, 37, L02601. [FULL TEXT]

Cai, W., 2006: Antarctic ozone depletion causes an intensification of the Southern Ocean super-gyre circulation. Geophysical Research Letters, 33, L03712.

Calafat, F. M., D. P. Chambers, and M. N. Tsimplis, 2012: Mechanisms of decadal sea level variability in the eastern North Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 117, C09022.

Caldeira, K., and M. E. Wickett, 2003: Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH. Nature, 425, 365-365. [FULL TEXT]

Carson, M., and D. E. Harrison, 2010: Regional interdecadal variability in bias-corrected ocean temperature data. Journal of Climate, 23, 2847-2855. [FULL TEXT]

Carton, J. A., and A. Santorelli, 2008: Global decadal upper-ocean heat content as viewed in nine analyses. Journal of Climate, 21, 6015-6035. [FULL TEXT]

Carton, J. A., B. S. Giese, and S. A. Grodsky, 2005: Sea level rise and the warming of the oceans in the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) ocean reanalysis. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 110, C09006. [FULL TEXT]

Cazenave, A., et al., 2009: Sea level budget over 2003–2008: A re-evaluation from GRACE space gravimetry, satellite altimetry and Argo. Marine Geodesy, 65, 447 – 471. [FULL TEXT]

Cazenave, A., et al., 2012: Estimating ENSO influence on the global mean sea level, 1993–2010. Marine Geodesy, 35, 82-97.

Chambers, D. P., J. Wahr, and R. S. Nerem, 2004: Preliminary observations of global ocean mass variations with GRACE. Geophysical Research Letters, 31, L13310.

Chambers, D. P., M. A. Merrifield, and R. S. Nerem, 2012: Is there a 60-year oscillation in global mean sea level? Geophysical Research Letters, 39, L18607. [FULL TEXT]

Chambers, D. P., J. Wahr, M. E. Tamisiea, and R. S. Nerem, 2010: Ocean mass from GRACE and glacial isostatic adjustment. Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth, 115, B11415. [FULL TEXT]

Chan, F., J. A. Barth, J. Lubchenco, A. Kirincich, H. Weeks, W. T. Peterson, and B. A. Menge, 2008: Emergence of anoxia in the California current large marine ecosystem. Science, 319, 920-920. [FULL TEXT]

Chavez, F. P., M. Messié, and J. T. Pennington, 2011: Marine primary production in relation to climate variability and change. Annual Review of Marine Science, 3, 227-260. [FULL TEXT]

Church, J. A., and N. J. White, 2006: A 20th century acceleration in global sea-level rise. Geophysical Research Letters, 33, L01602. [FULL TEXT]

Church, J. A., and N. J. White, 2011: Sea-level rise from the late 19th to the early 21st century. Surveys in Geophysics, 32, 585-602. [FULL TEXT]

Church, J. A., J. R. Hunter, K. L. McInnes, and N. J. White, 2006: Sea-level rise around the Australian coastline and the changing frequency of extreme sea-level events. Australian Meteorological Magazine, 55, 253-260. [FULL TEXT]

Church, J. A., N. J. White, R. Coleman, K. Lambeck, and J. X. Mitrovica, 2004: Estimates of the regional distribution of sea level rise over the 1950-2000 period. Journal of Climate, 17, 2609-2625. [FULL TEXT]

Church, J. A., et al., 2011: Revisiting the Earth’s sea-level and energy budgets from 1961 to 2008. Geophysical Research Letters, 38, L18601. [FULL TEXT]

Cianca, A., P. Helmke, B. Mourino, M. J. Rueda, O. Llinas, and S. Neuer, 2007: Decadal analysis of hydrography and in situ nutrient budgets in the western and eastern North Atlantic subtropical gyre. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 112, C07025. [FULL TEXT]

Compo, G. P., et al., 2011: The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 137, 1-28. [FULL TEXT]

Cravatte, S., T. Delcroix, D. X. Zhang, M. McPhaden, and J. Leloup, 2009: Observed freshening and warming of the western Pacific Warm Pool. Climate Dynamics, 33, 565-589. [FULL TEXT]

Cummins, P. F., and H. J. Freeland, 2007: Variability of the North Pacific current and its bifurcation. Progress in Oceanography, 75, 253-265. [FULL TEXT]

Cunningham, S. A., S. G. Alderson, B. A. King, and M. A. Brandon, 2003: Transport and variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current in Drake Passage. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 108, 8084. [FULL TEXT]

Cunningham, S. A., et al., 2007: Temporal variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation at 26.5°N. Science, 317, 935-938. [FULL TEXT]

Curry, R., and C. Mauritzen, 2005: Dilution of the northern North Atlantic Ocean in recent decades. Science, 308, 1772-1774. [FULL TEXT]

Curry, R., B. Dickson, and I. Yashayaev, 2003: A change in the freshwater balance of the Atlantic Ocean over the past four decades. Nature, 426, 826-829. [FULL TEXT]

D’Onofrio, E. E., M. M. E. Fiore, and J. L. Pousa, 2008: Changes in the regime of storm surges at Buenos Aires, Argentina. Journal of Coastal Research, 24, 260-265.

Dee, D. P., et al., 2011: The ERA-Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 137, 553-597. [FULL TEXT]

Delcroix, T., S. Cravatte, and M. J. McPhaden, 2007: Decadal variations and trends in tropical Pacific sea surface salinity since 1970. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 112, C03012. [FULL TEXT]

Deutsch, C., S. Emerson, and L. Thompson, 2005: Fingerprints of climate change in North Pacific oxygen. Geophysical Research Letters, 32, L16604. [FULL TEXT]

Di Lorenzo, E., et al., 2009: Nutrient and salinity decadal variations in the central and eastern North Pacific. Geophysical Research Letters, 36, L14601. [FULL TEXT]

Diaz, R. J., and R. Rosenberg, 2008: Spreading dead zones and consequences for marine ecosystems. Science, 321, 926-929. [FULL TEXT]

Dickson, B., I. Yashayaev, J. Meincke, B. Turrell, S. Dye, and J. Holfort, 2002: Rapid freshening of the deep North Atlantic Ocean over the past four decades. Nature, 416, 832-837.

Dickson, R. R., et al., 2008: The overflow flux west of Iceland: variability, origins and forcing. Arctic-Subarctic Ocean Fluxes, R. R. Dickson, J. Meincke, and P. B. Rhines, Eds., Springer Verlag.

Dohan, K., et al., 2010: Measuring the Global Ocean Surface Circulation with Satellite and In Situ Observations. Proceedings of OceanObs’09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society (Vol. 2), Venice, Italy. [FULL TEXT]

Domingues, C. M., J. A. Church, N. J. White, P. J. Gleckler, S. E. Wijffels, P. M. Barker, and J. R. Dunn, 2008: Improved estimates of upper-ocean warming and multi-decadal sea-level rise. Nature, 453, 1090-3. [FULL TEXT]

Doney, S. C., V. J. Fabry, R. A. Feely, and J. A. Kleypas, 2009: Ocean Acidification: The other CO2 problem. Annual Review of Marine Science, 1, 169-192. [FULL TEXT]

Dore, J. E., R. Lukas, D. W. Sadler, M. J. Church, and D. M. Karl, 2009: Physical and biogeochemical modulation of ocean acidification in the central North Pacific. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106, 12235-12240. [FULL TEXT]

Douglas, B. C., 2001: Sea level change in the era of the recording tide gauge. Sea Level Rise: History and Consequences, B. C. Douglas, M. S. Kearney, and S. P. Leatherman, Eds., Academic Press, 37–64.

Douglass, E., D. Roemmich, and D. Stammer, 2006: Interannual variability in northeast Pacific circulation. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 111, C04001. [FULL TEXT]

Drinkwater, K. F., 2006: The regime shift of the 1920s and 1930s in the North Atlantic. Progress in Oceanography, 68, 134-151.

Duce, R. A., et al., 2008: Impacts of atmospheric anthropogenic nitrogen on the open ocean. Science, 320, 893-897. [FULL TEXT]

Ducet, N., P. Y. Le Traon, and G. Reverdin, 2000: Global high-resolution mapping of ocean circulation from TOPEX/Poseidon and ERS-1 and-2. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 105, 19477-19498. [FULL TEXT]

Durack, P. J., and S. E. Wijffels, 2010: Fifty-year trends in global ocean salinities and their relationship to broad-scale warming. Journal of Climate, 23, 4342-4362. [FULL TEXT]

Durack, P. J., S. E. Wijffels, and R. J. Matear, 2012: Ocean salinities reveal strong global water cycle intensification during 1950 to 2000. Science, 336, 455-458. [FULL TEXT]

Egleston, E. S., C. L. Sabine, and F. M. M. Morel, 2010: Revelle revisited: Buffer factors that quantify the response of ocean chemistry to changes in DIC and alkalinity. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 24, GB1002. [FULL TEXT]

Ekman, M., 1988: The world’s longest continued series of sea-level observations. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 127, 73-77.

Emori, S., and S. J. Brown, 2005: Dynamic and thermodynamic changes in mean and extreme precipitation under changed climate. Geophysical Research Letters, 32, L17706. [FULL TEXT]

Fabry, V. J., B. A. Seibel, R. A. Feely, and J. C. Orr, 2008: Impacts of ocean acidification on marine fauna and ecosystem processes. Ices Journal of Marine Science, 65, 414-432. [FULL TEXT]

Farneti, R., T. L. Delworth, A. J. Rosati, S. M. Griffies, and F. Zeng, 2010: The role of mesoscale eddies in the rectification of the Southern Ocean response to climate change. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 40, 1539-1557. [FULL TEXT]

Feely, R. A., S. C. Doney, and S. R. Cooley, 2009: Ocean acidification: present conditions and future changes in a high-CO2 world. Oceanography, 22, 36-47. [FULL TEXT]

Feely, R. A., T. Takahashi, R. Wanninkhof, M. J. McPhaden, C. E. Cosca, S. C. Sutherland, and M. E. Carr, 2006: Decadal variability of the air-sea CO2 fluxes in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 111, C08s90.

Feng, M., M. J. McPhaden, and T. Lee, 2010: Decadal variability of the Pacific subtropical cells and their influence on the southeast Indian Ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, 37, L09606. [FULL TEXT]

Fischer, J., M. Visbeck, R. Zantopp, and N. Nunes, 2010: Interannual to decadal variability of outflow from the Labrador Sea. Geophysical Research Letters, 37, L24610. [FULL TEXT]

Frajka-Williams, E., S. A. Cunningham, H. Bryden, and B. A. King, 2011: Variability of Antarctic Bottom Water at 24.5°N in the Atlantic. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 116, C11026. [FULL TEXT]

Freeland, H., et al., 2010: Argo – A Decade of Progress. Proceedings of OceanObs’09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society (Vol. 2), Venice, Italy. [FULL TEXT]

Freeland, H. J., and D. Gilbert, 2009: Estimate of the steric contribution to global sea level rise from a comparison of the WOCE one-time survey with 2006-2008 Argo observations. Atmosphere-Ocean, 47, 292-298.

Frölicher, T. L., F. Joos, G. K. Plattner, M. Steinacher, and S. C. Doney, 2009: Natural variability and anthropogenic trends in oceanic oxygen in a coupled carbon cycle-climate model ensemble. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 23, Gb1003. [FULL TEXT]

Fusco, G., V. Artale, Y. Cotroneo, and G. Sannino, 2008: Thermohaline variability of Mediterranean Water in the Gulf of Cadiz, 1948-1999. Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers, 55, 1624-1638.

Galloway, J. N., et al., 2008: Transformation of the nitrogen cycle: Recent trends, questions, and potential solutions. Science, 320, 889-892. [FULL TEXT]

Garabato, A. C. N., L. Jullion, D. P. Stevens, K. J. Heywood, and B. A. King, 2009: Variability of Subantarctic Mode Water and Antarctic Intermediate Water in the Drake Passage during the late-twentieth and early-twenty-first centuries. Journal of Climate, 22, 3661-3688. [FULL TEXT]

Garzoli, S. L., M. O. Baringer, S. F. Dong, R. C. Perez, and Q. Yao, 2013: South Atlantic meridional fluxes. Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers, 71, 21-32. [FULL TEXT]

Gebbie, G., and P. Huybers, 2012: The mean age of ocean waters inferred from radiocarbon observations: sensitivity to surface sources and accounting for mixing histories. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 42, 291-305. [FULL TEXT]

Gemmrich, J., B. Thomas, and R. Bouchard, 2011: Observational changes and trends in northeast Pacific wave records. Geophysical Research Letters, 38, L22601.

Gerber, M., F. Joos, M. Vázquez-Rodríguez, F. Touratier, and C. Goyet, 2009: Regional air-sea fluxes of anthropogenic carbon inferred with an Ensemble Kalman Filter. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 23, Gb1013. [FULL TEXT]

Giese, B. S., G. A. Chepurin, J. A. Carton, T. P. Boyer, and H. F. Seidel, 2011: Impact of bathythermograph temperature bias models on an ocean reanalysis. Journal of Climate, 24, 84-93.

Gilbert, D., N. N. Rabalais, R. J. Diaz, and J. Zhang, 2010: Evidence for greater oxygen decline rates in the coastal ocean than in the open ocean. Biogeosciences, 7, 2283-2296. [FULL TEXT]

Giles, K. A., S. W. Laxon, A. L. Ridout, D. J. Wingham, and S. Bacon, 2012: Western Arctic Ocean freshwater storage increased by wind-driven spin-up of the Beaufort Gyre. Nature Geoscience, 5, 194-197. [FULL TEXT]

Gille, S. T., 2008: Decadal-scale temperature trends in the Southern Hemisphere ocean. Journal of Climate, 21, 4749-4765. [FULL TEXT]

Gillett, N. P., and P. A. Stott, 2009: Attribution of anthropogenic influence on seasonal sea level pressure. Geophysical Research Letters, 36, L23709. [FULL TEXT]

Gladyshev, S. V., M. N. Koshlyakov, and R. Y. Tarakanov, 2008: Currents in the Drake Passage based on observations in 2007. Oceanology, 48, 759-770.

Gleckler, P. J., et al., 2012: Human-induced global ocean warming on multidecadal timescales. Nature Climate Change, 2, 524-529. [FULL TEXT]

Gloor, M., J. L. Sarmiento, and N. Gruber, 2010: What can be learned about carbon cycle climate feedbacks from the CO2 airborne fraction? Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7739-7751. [FULL TEXT]

Goni, G. J., F. Bringas, and P. N. DiNezio, 2011: Observed low frequency variability of the Brazil Current front. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 116, C10037. [FULL TEXT]

González-Dávila, M., J. M. Santana-Casiano, M. J. Rueda, and O. Llinas, 2010: The water column distribution of carbonate system variables at the ESTOC site from 1995 to 2004. Biogeosciences, 7, 3067-3081. [FULL TEXT]

Gouretski, V., and K. P. Koltermann, 2007: How much is the ocean really warming? Geophysical Research Letters, 34, L01610. [FULL TEXT]

Gouretski, V., and F. Reseghetti, 2010: On depth and temperature biases in bathythermograph data: Development of a new correction scheme based on analysis of a global ocean database. Deep-Sea Research Part IOceanographic Research Papers, 57, 812-833.

Gouretski, V., J. Kennedy, T. Boyer, and A. Kohl, 2012: Consistent near-surface ocean warming since 1900 in two largely independent observing networks. Geophysical Research Letters, 39, L19606. [FULL TEXT]

Graven, H. D., N. Gruber, R. Key, S. Khatiwala, and X. Giraud, 2012: Changing controls on oceanic radiocarbon: New insights on shallow-to-deep ocean exchange and anthropogenic CO2 uptake. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 117, C10005. [FULL TEXT]

Griffies, S. M., et al., 2009: Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference Experiments (COREs). Ocean Modelling, 26, 1-46. [FULL TEXT]

Grinsted, A., J. C. Moore, and S. Jevrejeva, 2012: Homogeneous record of Atlantic hurricane surge threat since 1923. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 109, 19601-19605. [FULL TEXT]

Grist, J. P., R. Marsh, and S. A. Josey, 2009: On the relationship between the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and the surface-forced overturning streamfunction. Journal of Climate, 22, 4989-5002. [FULL TEXT]

Gruber, N., et al., 2009: Oceanic sources, sinks, and transport of atmospheric CO2. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 23, Gb1005. [FULL TEXT]

Gu, G. J., R. F. Adler, G. J. Huffman, and S. Curtis, 2007: Tropical rainfall variability on interannual-to-interdecadal and longer time scales derived from the GPCP monthly product. Journal of Climate, 20, 4033-4046. [FULL TEXT]

Gulev, S., T. Jung, and E. Ruprecht, 2007: Estimation of the impact of sampling errors in the VOS observations on airsea fluxes. Part II: Impact on trends and interannual variability. Journal of Climate, 20, 302-315. [FULL TEXT]

Gulev, S., et al., 2010: Surface Energy and CO2 Fluxes in the Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Ice System. OceanObs’09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society, Venice, Italy, 20 pp. [NOT FOUND]

Gulev, S. K., and V. Grigorieva, 2006: Variability of the winter wind waves and swell in the North Atlantic and North Pacific as revealed by the voluntary observing ship data. Journal of Climate, 19, 5667-5685. [FULL TEXT]

Haigh, I., R. Nicholls, and N. Wells, 2010: Assessing changes in extreme sea levels: Application to the English Channel, 1900-2006. Continental Shelf Research, 30, 1042-1055.

Hallberg, R., and A. Gnanadesikan, 2006: The role of eddies in determining the structure and response of the winddriven southern hemisphere overturning: Results from the Modeling Eddies in the Southern Ocean (MESO) project. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 36, 2232-2252. [FULL TEXT]

Hamon, M., G. Reverdin, and P. Y. Le Traon, 2012: Empirical correction of XBT data. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 29, 960-973. [FULL TEXT]

Hansen, B., and S. Osterhus, 2007: Faroe Bank Channel overflow 1995-2005. Progress in Oceanography, 75, 817-856.

Hansen, B., H. Hatun, R. Kristiansen, S. M. Olsen, and S. Osterhus, 2010: Stability and forcing of the Iceland-Faroe inflow of water, heat, and salt to the Arctic. Ocean Science, 6, 1013-1026. [FULL TEXT]

Hatun, H., A. B. Sando, H. Drange, B. Hansen, and H. Valdimarsson, 2005: Influence of the Atlantic subpolar gyre on the thermohaline circulation. Science, 309, 1841-1844. [FULL TEXT]

Held, I. M., and B. J. Soden, 2006: Robust responses of the hydrological cycle to global warming. Journal of Climate, 19, 5686-5699. [FULL TEXT]

Helm, K. P., N. L. Bindoff, and J. A. Church, 2010: Changes in the global hydrological-cycle inferred from ocean salinity. Geophysical Research Letters, 37, L18701.

Helm, K. P., N. L. Bindoff, and J. A. Church, 2011: Observed decreases in oxygen content of the global ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, 38, L23602.

Hemer, M. A., 2010: Historical trends in Southern Ocean storminess: Long-term variability of extreme wave heights at Cape Sorell, Tasmania. Geophysical Research Letters, 37, L18601.

Hemer, M. A., J. A. Church, and J. R. Hunter, 2010: Variability and trends in the directional wave climate of the Southern Hemisphere. International Journal of Climatology, 30, 475-491. [FULL TEXT]

Hill, K. L., S. R. Rintoul, R. Coleman, and K. R. Ridgway, 2008: Wind forced low frequency variability of the East Australia Current. Geophysical Research Letters, 35, L08602.

Holgate, S. J., 2007: On the decadal rates of sea level change during the twentieth century. Geophysical Research Letters, 34, L01602. [FULL TEXT]

Holliday, N., et al., 2008: Reversal of the 1960s to 1990s freshening trend in the northeast North Atlantic and Nordic Seas. Geophysical Research Letters, 35, L03614. [FULL TEXT]

Hong, B. G., W. Sturges, and A. J. Clarke, 2000: Sea level on the US East Coast: Decadal variability caused by open ocean wind-curl forcing. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 30, 2088-2098. [FULL TEXT]

Hood, M., et al., 2010: Ship-based Repeat Hydrography: A Strategy for a Sustained Global Program. Proceedings of OceanObs’09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society (Vol. 2), Venice, Italy. [FULL TEXT]

Hosoda, S., T. Suga, N. Shikama, and K. Mizuno, 2009: Global surface layer salinity change detected by Argo and its implication for hydrological cycle intensification. Journal of Oceanography, 65, 579-586. [FULL TEXT]

Houston, J. R., and R. G. Dean, 2011: Sea-level acceleration based on US tide gauges and extensions of previous global-gauge analyses. Journal of Coastal Research, 27, 409-417. [FULL TEXT]

Hughes, C. W., P. L. Woodworth, M. P. Meredith, V. Stepanov, T. Whitworth, and A. R. Pyne, 2003: Coherence of Antarctic sea levels, Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode, and flow through Drake Passage. Geophysical Research Letters, 30, 1464.

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